Tool and die steels are high carbon steels (either carbon or alloy) possessing high hardness, strength and wear resistance.
Tool steels are heat treatable.
In order to increase hardness and wear resistance of tool steels, alloying elements forming hard and stable carbides (chromium, tungsten, vanadium, manganese, molybdenum) are added to the composition.
Designation system of one-letter in combination with a number is accepted for tool steels.
The letter means:
- W – Water hardened plain carbon tool steels
- O, A, D – Cold work tool steels
- S – Shock resistant low carbon tool steels
- T,M – High speed tool steels (T-tungsten, M-molybdenum)
- H – Hot work tool steels
- P – Plastic mold tool steels
Chemical compositions of some tool and die steels
Properties of some tool and die steels
W – Water hardened plain carbon tool steels
Applications: chisels, forging dies, hummers, drills, cutters, shear blades, cutters, drills, razors.
Properties: low cost, very hard, brittle, relatively low hardenabilityhardenability, suitable for small parts working at not elevated temperatures.
O, A, D – Cold work tool steels
Applications: drawing and forging dies, shear blades, highly effective cutters.
Properties: strong, hard and tough crack resistant.
O -Oil hardening cold work alloy steels;
A -Air hardening cold work alloy steels;
D -Diffused hardening cold work alloy steels;
S – Shock resistant low carbon tool steels
Applications: tools experiencing hot or cold impact.
Properties: combine high toughness with good wear resistance.
T,M – High speed tool steels (T-tungsten, M-molybdenum)
Applications: cutting tools.
Properties: high wear heat and shock resistance.
H – Hot work tool steels
Applications: parts working at elevated temperatures, like extrusion, casting and forging dies.
Properties: strong and hard at elevated temperatures.
P – Plastic mold tool steels
Applications: molds for injection molding of plastics.
Properties: good machinability.
Chemical compositions of some tool and die steels
| AISI No. | C, % | Mn,% | W,% | Si,% | Cr,% | Mo,% | V,% | Co,% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W1 | 1.0 | 0.35 | 0.30 | – | – | – | – | – |
| O1 | 0.95 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.30 | 0.5 | – | – | – |
| A2 | 1.0 | 0.30 | – | 0.30 | 5.0 | 1.0 | – | – |
| D2 | 1.55 | 0.30 | – | 0.30 | 12.0 | 1.0 | – | – |
| S1 | 0.5 | 0.30 | 2.5 | 0.30 | 1.5 | – | – | – |
| T15 | 1.6 | 0.30 | 12.0 | 0.30 | 4.0 | – | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| M2 | 0.9 | 0.30 | 6.0 | 0.30 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 2.0 | – |
| H13 | 0.35 | 0.40 | – | 1.0 | 5.0 | 1.5 | 1.0 | – |
| P20 | 0.4 | 1.5 | – | 0.4 | 1.9 | 0.2 | – | – |
Available Sectional Forms
| DIN W.Nr AISI C | Ni | Cr | Mo | Mn | Others | Hardness HB | Hardness HRC | Thickness range mm inches | Width mm inches | ||||||
| 42 CrMo 4 | 1.7225 | 4140 | 0.41 | – | 1.00 | 0.20 | 0.06 | V | 258-302 | 26-32 | 7-135 | 0.27-5.3 | 1000-3500 | 39.3-137.9 | |
| 40 CrMnMo 7 | 1.2311 | P20 | 0.40 | – | 1.90 | 0.20 | – | 280-325 | 29-34 | 7-610 | 0.27-24.0 | 1000-2500 | 39.3-98.4 | ||
| 40 CrMnNiMo 8-6-4 | 1.2738 | P20 + Ni | 0.40 | 1.00 | 1.90 | 0.20 | 1.5 | 280-325 | 29-34 | 7-610 | 0,27-24.0 | 1000-2500 | 39.3-98.4 | ||
| 55 NiCrMoV 7 | 0.55 | 1.70 | 1.10 | 0.50 | 0.9 | V, S:0.07 | 360-400 | 39-43 | 8-320 | 0.31-12.6 | 1000-2500 | 39.3-98.4 | |||
| 0.25 | 0.75 | 2.00 | 0.60 | 1.15 | B,V | 350-380 | 38-42 | 15-610 | 0.59-24.0 | 1000-2500 | 39.3-98.4 | ||||
| 30CrMo 4 | 1.7225 | 4130 | 0.30 | – | 1.00 | 0.16 | – | 258-302 | 26-32 | 7-135 | 0.27-5.3 | 1000-3500 | 39.3-137.9 | Cores and cavities with basic requirements | |
| 40 CrMnMoS 8-6 | 1.2312 | P-20 +S | 0.40 | – | 1.90 | 0.20 | 1.5 | S: 0.06 | 280-325 | 29-34 | 7-610 | 0.27-24.0 | 1000-2500 | 39.3-98.4 | |
| 55 NiCrMoV 7 | 1.2714 | 0.55 | 1.70 | 1.10 | 0.50 | 0.9 | V | 360-400 | 39-43 | 8-320 | 0.31-12.6 | 1000-2500 | 39.3-98.4 | ||
| X 42 Cr 13 | 1.2083 | 420 | 0.40 | – | 13.00 | – | 0.6 | 280-310 | 29-33 | 15-130 | 0.59-5.1 | 1000-3500 | 39.3-137.9 | Stainless cores and cavities Corrosion-resistant holders and support plates | |
| X 36 CrMo 17 | 1.2316 | 0.40 | – | 16.00 | 1.03 | 0.9 | 280-325 | 29-34 | 15-150 | 0.59-5.9 | 1000-3500 | 39.3-137.9 | |||
| X 33 CrS 16 | 1.2085 | 420F mod | 0.33 | – | 16.00 | – | 1.1 | S: 0.07 | 280-325 | 29-34 | 15-350 | 0.59-13.8 | 1000-3500 | 39.3-137.9 | |
| 420F mod | 0.40 | – | 16.00 | 1.03 | 0.9 | S: 0.07 | 280-325 | 29-34 | 15-300 | 0.59-11.8 | 1000-2500 | 39.3-98.4 | |||
| DIN W.Nr AISI JIS C | S | Ni | Cr | Mo | V | Others | Hardness HB | Thickness range mm inches | Width mm inches | |||||||
| 90 Mn Cr V 8 | 1.2842 | 02 | – | 0.90 | 0.001 | – | 0.35 | – | 0.10 | – | <230 | 10-160 | 0.4-6.3 | 1000-3000 | 39.3-118.1 | Stamping tools to pro- cess mild steels and low thicknesses general tool steel purpose |
| 100 Mn Cr W 4 | 1.2510 | 01 | – | 0.90 | 0.001 | – | 0.55 | – | 0.10 | W | <212 | 10-160 | 0.4-6.3 | 1000-3000 | 39.3-118.1 | |
| – | A 6 | – | 0.70 | 0.001 | – | 1.10 | 1.00 | – | – | <220 | 15-150 | 0.59-5.9 | 1000-2600 | 39.3-102.3 | ||
| – | S 5 | – | 0.55 | 0.001 | – | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.20 | – | <230 | 15-110 | 0.59-4.3 | 1000-3000 | 39.3-118.1 | Wood processing | |
| – | S 7 | – | 0.50 | 0.001 | – | 3.25 | 1.35 | 0.20 | – | <225 | 10-200 | 0.4-7.9 | 1000-2600 | 39.3-102.3 | High thoughness, low to medium wear resistance for shear blades and stamping tools (mild steels and medium thicknesses) | |
| X 100CrMo V5.1 | 1.2363 | A 2 | SKD12 | 1.00 | 0.001 | – | 5.20 | 0.95 | 0.20 | – | <240 | 10-120 | 0.4-4.7 | 1000-2600 | 39.3-102.3 | |
| X 153CrMo V12 | 1.2379 | D 2 | SKD 11 | 1.55 | 0.001 | – | 11.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | – | <255 | 15-100 | 0.59-3.9 | 1000-2000 | 39.3-78.7 | High wear resistance with limited toughness and chip- ping resistance. Shear blades, stamping processing of tools (except high strength steels) Combining high wear and high chipping resistance. Stamping tools, shear knives to process high strength steels and high thicknesses High toughness – Medium softening resistance – Forging tools |
| X 210 Cr 12 | 1.2080 | D 3 | SKD 1 | 2.00 | 0.001 | – | 12.25 | – | – | – | <248 | 15-100 | 0.59-3.9 | 1000-2000 | 39.3-78.7 | |
| X 210 Cr W12 | 1.2436 | D 6 | – | 2.10 | 0.001 | – | 11.50 | – | – | W=0.70 | <255 | 15-100 | 0.59-3.9 | 1000-2000 | 39.3-78.7 | |
| X 45 Ni Cr Mo 4 | 1.2767 | – | – | 0.45 | 0.001 | 3.90 | 1.30 | – | – | – | <260 | 15-350 | 0.59- 13.8 | 1000-3000 | 39.3-82.7 | |
| X 38 Cr Mo V 5.1 | 1.2343 | H 11 | SKD 6 | 0.39 | 0.001 | – | 5.15 | 1.25 | 0.35 | – | <230 | 15-350 | 0.59- 13.8 | 1000-2100 | 39.3-82.7 | Good softening resistance for forging dies and dies casting dies (short series) |
| X 40 Cr Mo V 5.1 | 1.2344 | H 13 | SKD 61 | 0.40 | 0.001 | – | 5.00 | 1.30 | 1.00 | – | <230 | 15-350 | 0.59- 13.8 | 1000-2100 | 39.3-82.7 | |
| ~ X 38 Cr Mo V 5.1 | ~1.2343 | ~H 11 | ~SKD 6 | 0.36 | 0.001 | – | 5.10 | 1.4 | 0.35 | Si= 0.30 | <230 | 100- 360 | 3.9-14.1 | 1000-2100 | 39.3-82.7 | Improved grades for die casting dies and forging. High toughness,high heat checking resistance NADCA approved material |
| 55 Ni Cr Mo V 7 | 1.2714 | – | SKT4 | 0.55 | 0.001 | 1.70 | 1.10 | 0.50 | 0.10 | – | 360-400 | 15-350 | 0.59- 13.8 | 1000-2000 | 39.3-78.7 | Holder blocks and dies for closed die forging |
| – | – | – | – | 0.19 | 0.001 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.80 | 0.20 | B | 360-400 | 200- 500 | 4-20 | 2000 | 78.7 | Forging dies for closed die forging with improved life performance |
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